2003年职称外语等级历年试题卫生类b_第2页

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   A team at the California-based Salk Institute, one of the world’s leading research centers on biological sciences, has created a special new breed of HIV and has started negotiations with the U>S> Food and Drug Administration(FDA)to begin clinical gene therapy(治疗) trials this year. The first trials are expected to involve patients suffering from cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader Professor Inder Verma said the HIV technique would have” far wider applications”.

    The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two decades. Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was “shocking” but the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed.

    Illnesses such as various cancers are caused when a gene in a patient’s body fails to work properly. In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics(遗传学)have led gene therapy scientists to try and replace the genes that do not function normally.

    Unfortunately, the body’s immune defenses have been known to attack the modified genes and make them lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier.

    The HIV virus has the ability to escape from, and then destroy, the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients’ bodies.

    16 FDA has approved the plan of using HIV to cure cancer in humans.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

    17 The idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose has been widely accepted.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

    18 HIV can be safely used to cure cancer only if the deadly genes have been removed.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

    19 The HIV virus is an excellent warrior to fight the body’s immune cells.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

    20 Other countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy trials soon.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

    21 It is the lack of money that has held up the progress in using replacement genes to cure cancer.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

    22 The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries.

    A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

   第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~ 30题，每题1分，共8分）

    阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2,3,5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

    Friendly Relations with the People Around

    You depend on all the people closely around you to give you the warm feeling of belongingness （归属）that you must have to feel secure. But, in fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them, a person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound (一定的) to be a lonely wolf.

    The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much on having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.

    Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don't know them. when the game is over, you will go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feeling of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.

    An experience of this kind gives the clue(线索) to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companionships become friends when these ties are formed.

    When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintance(熟人), you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.

    23. Paragraph 2_____.

    24. Paragraph 3_____.

    25. Paragraph 4_____.

    26. Paragraph 5_____.

    A. Close link between companionship and belongingness

    B. How to satisfy other people's needs

    C. An example of a satisfying relationship

    D. Difficulties in establishing friendships

    E. What companionship really is

    F. Making friends with new acquaintances

    27. If you had no one to share your feelings, your life would be____.

    28. The warm feelings of belongingness may give you ____.

    29. The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you ____.

    30. You will find it hard to make friends with people ____.

    A. sad and lonely

    B. emotionally health

    C. without real love for them

    D. a sense of security

    E. a lonely wolf

    F. without pity